Implementation of Finite State Machine on Cluster Housing Security System Based on LoRa with Telegram Notification

Abstract

Cluster housing is a residential area with a single access gate system that is widely applied in urban areas. Although equipped with security officers, theft cases in cluster housing still often occur due to the limitations of the system in providing warnings quickly. This study aims to design a home security system that is able to detect suspicious activity and send warnings from home to the security post via LoRa communication. This system uses a magnetic switch sensor to detect door conditions and a PIR sensor to detect movement around the house. The test results show that the magnetic switch sensor can detect an open door when the distance between the magnet and the reed switch exceeds 20 mm, while the PIR sensor is effective in detecting movement up to 5 meters from angles of 0°, 45°, and 90°. Notifications to Telegram are sent with an average delay time of 2-13 seconds. LoRa communication range testing shows that the system is able to send data stably up to a distance of 120 meters in Line of Sight (LoS) and Non-Line of Sight (NLoS) conditions. With the ability to detect threats directly and a wide communication range, the system is expected to improve security in residential areas well.