Degradasi Bahan Organik dan Pertumbuhan Biomassa Konsorsium pada Air Limbah Olahan Babi dengan Lumpur Aktif Anoksik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v3i1.88%20Keywords:
piggery wastewater, COD, biomass, activated sludge, anoxicAbstract
Produksi daging babi di Indonesia semakin meningkat seiring dengan permintaan dan pasar. Hasil samping dari kegiatan tersebut adalah air limbah olahan babi yang mengandung bahan organik dan lemak yang sangat tinggi sehingga sulit untuk diolah. Pengolahan air yang mudah dan murah perlu diaplikasikan, mengingat pelaku usaha ini didominasi industri rumah tangga. Lumpur aktif adalah salah satu teknologi konvensional yang umum digunakan di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses degradasi bahan organik dan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme konsorsium dalam reaktor pengolahan sequencing batch reactors (SBR) anoksik. Proses pengolahan dibagi menjadi 4 tahap yaitu aklimatisasi tahap 1, 2 dan 3 serta proses pengolahan. Nilai oksigen terlarut (DO) tetap dijaga agar tetap berada dalam rentang 0,1-1 mg/L agar berada dalam suasana anoksik. Aklimatisasi tahap 1, 2 dan 3 berhasil menyisihkan COD 94,3%; 66,7% dan 58,1% dan pertumbuhan biomassa yang baik. Karakteristik awal air limbah olahan babi memiliki nilai BOD5/COD sebesar 0,52 sehingga proses biologis dapat diaplikasikan. Nilai C/N dalam air limbah hanya 0,86. Proses pengolahan air limbah oalahan babi dilakukan dalam waktu 12 hari. Penyisihan COD dalam waktu 12 hari sebesar 54,5% sedangkan penyisihan total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) sebesar 73,32%. Pertumbuhan biomassa pada hari terakhir pengolahan 1,284 g/L. Nilai pH dalam proses pengolahan tidak berubah secara signifikan.
Pork production in Indonesia is increasing with demand and markets. The result of this activity is piggery wastewater containing organic matter and very high fat is difficult to treat. Easy and inexpensive wastewater treatment needs to be applied, considering that home industries most dominate this business. Activated sludge is one of the conventional technologie applied in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to determine the degradation process of organic matter and the growth of consortium microorganisms in anoxic sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The processing process is divided into 4 stages, acclimatization of stages 1, 2, 3 and piggery wastewater treatment. Dissolved oxygen (DO) values are maintained to the range of 0.1-1 mg/L to be in an anoxic condition. Acclimatization 1, 2 and 3 successfully remove COD 94.3%; 66.7% and 58.1% and good biomass growth. The initial characteristics of piggery wastewater having a BOD5/COD value of 0.52 can be applied in biological process. The C/N value is only 0.86. The process of piggery wastewater treatment is carried out within 12 days. Removal of COD within 12 days was 54.5% while Removal fof TKN was 73.32%. Biomass growth on the last day of processing 1,284 g/L. The pH value did not change significantly.
References
K. Budaarsa, Potensi ternak babi dalam menyumbangkan daging di Bali,Seminar Nasional Ternak Babi di Fak. Peternakan Unud, hal. 1-18, 2014.
I. Suarna, N. Suryani, Peluang dan tantangan pengembangan ternak babi bali di Kabupaten Gianyar Provinsi Bali, Majalah Ilmiah Peternakan, vol 18, hal. 61-64, 2015.
J. Meng, J. Li, J. Li, K. Deng, J. Nan, P. Xu, Effect of reflux ratio on nitrogen removal in a novel upflow microaerobic sludge reactor treating piggery wastewater with high ammonium and low COD/TN ratio: Efficiency and quantitative molecular mechanism.,” Bioresource Technology, vol 243, hal. 922–931, 2017.
N. Bernet, N. Delgenes, J. Akunna, J. Delgenes, R. Moletta, Combined anaerobic–aerobic SBR for the treatment of piggery wastewater, Water Research, vol 34, hal. 611–619, 2000.
X. Hu, L. Xie, H. Shim, S. Zhang, D. Yang, Biological Nutrient Removal in a Full Scale
Anoxic/Anaerobic/Aerobic/Pre-anoxic- MBR Plant for Low C/N Ratio
Municipal Wastewater Treatment,”
wastewater.,Bioresource Technology ,
vol 209, hal. 360–368, 2016.
Kumar, A, Ergas, S, Yuan, X, Sahu, A, Zhang, Q, Dewulf, J, Malcata, F.X, Langenhove, H. Langenhove, Enhanced CO2 fixation and biofuel production via microalgae: recent developments and future directions,Trends Biotechnol, vol 28, hal. 371-380, 2010.
H. Zheng, M. Liu, Q. Lu, X. Wu, Y. Ma, Y. Cheng, M. Addy, Y. Liu, R. Ruan, Balancing carbon/nitrogen ratio to improve nutrients removal and algal biomass production in piggery and brewery wastewaters, Bioresource Technology, vol 249, hal. 479-486, 2017.
A. Anshah dan I. Suryawan, Efektifitas Penambahan substrat pada pengolahan biologis limbah cair tahu menggunakan sistem CSTR, ENVIROSAN: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan, vol. 1, hal. 46-51, 2018.
J. Meng, J. Li, J. Li, C. Wang, K. Deng dan K. Sun, Effect of seed sludge on nitrogen removal in a novel upflow microaerobic sludge reactor for treating piggery wastewater, Bioresource Technology, vol. 216, hal. 19–27, 2016
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 I Wayan Koko Suryawan, Anshah Silmi Afifah, Gita Prajati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.