Produksi Crude Selulase dari Bahan Baku Ampas Tebu Menggunakan Kapang Phanerochaete chrysosporium

Sri Rulianah; Zakijah Irfin; Mufid; Prayitno

doi:10.33795/jtkl.v1i1.24

Authors

Sri Rulianah Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno-Hatta No.9, Malang, Indonesia
Zakijah Irfin Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno-Hatta No.9, Malang, Indonesia
Mufid Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno-Hatta No.9, Malang, Indonesia
Prayitno Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno-Hatta No.9, Malang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v1i1.24

Keywords:

bagasse, crude cellulase, fermentation, Phanerochaete chrysosporium.

Abstract

Bagasse contain high cellulose which potentially to be used to raw material for producing cellulase enzyme using fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium. This fungus has ability to produce cellulase enzymes from substrates which contain cellulose and also produce enzymes that can degrade lignin content so it didn’t need the delignification process. The objective of this study was to convert cellulose in bagasse to be crude cellulase enzymes by using Phanerochaete chrysosporium and determine the effect of substrate concentration and fermentation time to the enzyme activity. This research was conducted by drying and reducing the bagasse particle size, rejuvenating mold Phanerocheate chrysoporium, making inoculum in liquid medium, fermenting bagasse in accordance with the variable, with media NLM (nitrogen limited media) using Phanerocheate chrysoporium. Fermentation results were filtered, and it was analyzed the activity of crude cellulase. The variable in this study was the time of fermentation 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 days and substrate concentration: 5, 6, and 7 % b/v. Crude cellulose was filtered and was analyzed the enzyme activity by DNS (dinitro salicylic acid) reagent, using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The best result of this study was the crude cellulase with highest activity 91,304 U/mL for 7 % substrate concentration with fermentation time 17 days.

References

B.C. Saha. Lignocellulose Biodegradation and Application in Biotechnology, American Chemical Society, hal. 2-14, 2004.

P. Pason, K. Ratanakhanokchai, K.L. Kyu, Multiple Cellulases and Xylanases of Bacillus circulans B-6, Biotechnology for Sustainable Utilization of Biological Resources in the Tropics Vol. 16 Proceedings of Project Seminars in 2000-2003 for JSPS-NCRT/DOST/LIPI/VCC. IC Biotech, Japan, hal. 305-310. 2003.

Husin. Analisis Serat Bagas, (http:www.free.vlsm.org/), 2007.

S. Stefanus, H. A. R. Tarmidi, Efek dosis dan lama biokonversi ampas tebu sebagai pakan oleh jamur tiram putih (Plaurotus ostreatus) terhadap kadar protein dan komponen serat, www.pustaka.unpad.ac.id, 2005.

S. Rulianah, P. H. Suharti, Y. Maryanty, B. Irawan, The Effect of Fermentation Time and Addition of CMC to Decrease of Lignin Content in Fermentation of Patchouli Leaves Using Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Advanced Science Letters, vol. 23, hal. 5666–5668, 2017.

P. H. Suharti, S. Rulianah, Y. Maryanty, B. Irawan, F. Chen, and M. J. Tsai, The Degradation of Cellulose in the Fermentation of Patchouli Leaves Using Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Advanced Science Letters, vol. 23, hal. 5669–5671, 2017.

S. Rulianah, H. Hardjono, R. Imron, A. D. R. Mila, Pemanfaatan Bagas sebagai Crude Selulase Menggunakan Kapang Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Prosiding Seminar Rekayasa Kimia dan Proses, UNDIP Semarang, ISSN: 1411-4216, 2014.

I. B. W. Gunam, K. Buda, I. M. Y. S. Guna, Pengaruh Perlakuan Delignifikasi dengan Larutan NaOH dan Konsentrasi Substrat Jerami Padi terhadap Produksi Enzim Selulase dari Aspergillus niger nrrl a-ii, 264, Jurnal Biologi XV, vol. 2, hal. 29-33, 2011.

S. Rulianah, D. Moentamaria, D. Meilany, Pengaruh Suhu Delignifikasi dan Konsentrasi Penambahan Substrat Kayu Mahoni Terhadap Aktivitas Crude Selulase yang Dihasilkan pada Proses Fermentasi dengan Kapang Aspergillus niger. Prosiding Propoltek. Diseminasi Hasil Penelitian. ISSN : 2089-2144, 2013.

I. Ulhaq, M. M. Javed, T. S. Khan, Z. Siddiq, Cotton Saccharifying Activity of Cellulases Produced by Co-culture of Aspergillus nigerand Trichoderma viride, Res. J. Agric & Biol. Sci., vol. 1, no. 3, hal. 241-245, 2005.

U.F. Ali, H. S. S. El-Dein, Production and Partial Purification of Cellulase Complex by Aspergillus nigerand A. nidulans Grown on Water Hyacinth Blend, Journal of Applied Sciences Research, vol. 4, no. 7, hal. 875-891, 2008.

O. Omojasola, P. Folakemi, O. P. Jilani, S. A. Ibiyemi, Cellulase Production by some Fungi Cultured on Pineapple Waste, Nature & Science, vol. 6, no. 2, hal. 64-75, 2008.

G. Narasimha, A. Sridevi, B. Viswanath, S. Chandra, B. R. Reddy, Nutrient Effects on Production of Cellulolytic Enzymes by Aspergillus niger, African Journal of Biotechnology, vol. 5, no. 5, hal. 472-476, 2006.