ANALISIS KINETIKA SAPONIFIKASI ETIL ASETAT: STUDI EKSPERIMEN MENGGUNAKAN REAKTOR CONTINUOUS STIRRED TANK REACTOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33795/distilat.v12i3.7379Keywords:
continuous stirred tank reactor, energi aktivasi, fitting model, konstanta laju, saponifikasiAbstract
Reaksi saponifikasi merupakan salah satu reaksi penting dalam proses industri kimia sehingga pemahaman karakteristik kinetikanya diperlukan untuk mendukung desain dan optimasi proses secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan parameter kinetika reaksi saponifikasi antara etil asetat dan natrium hidroksida (NaOH), meliputi orde reaksi, konstanta laju reaksi, dan energi aktivasi. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan reaktor tangki berpengaduk kontinu (Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor/CSTR) tipe Armfield dengan kondisi reaktan equimolar. Masing-masing reaktan dialirkan dengan laju 30 mL/menit dan proses dilakukan pada suhu 27°C, 37°C, dan 47°C dengan pengadukan konstan untuk mempertahankan homogenitas campuran. Konsentrasi NaOH dalam sistem diukur secara real-time menggunakan sensor konduktivitas yang telah dikalibrasi. Data hasil pengukuran digunakan untuk menentukan orde dan konstanta laju reaksi, sedangkan energi aktivasi ditentukan berdasarkan persamaan Arrhenius. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa reaksi saponifikasi mengikuti model kinetika orde dua dengan konstanta laju reaksi sebesar 0,02083; 0,04502; dan 0,06265 M⁻¹·menit⁻¹ pada suhu berturut-turut 27°C, 37°C, dan 47°C. Berdasarkan hubungan Arrhenius, diperoleh energi aktivasi sebesar 44,16 kJ/mol. Dengan demikian, CSTR tipe Armfield dapat digunakan sebagai platform eksperimental untuk menentukan parameter kinetika reaksi saponifikasi secara kontinu, yang selanjutnya dapat menjadi dasar dalam perancangan, optimasi, dan pengendalian proses saponifikasi pada skala industri.
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