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Abstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh variasi faktor air-semen (W/C 0,10–0,30) dan dosis superplasticizer PCE (0,6%–141%) terhadap kuat tekan pasta semen mutu tinggi, serta menentukan komposisi optimal dan efisiensi biayanya. Metode eksperimental laboratorium menggunakan 18 variasi campuran dengan benda uji kubus 5x5x5 cm, diuji pada umur 7, 14, dan 28 hari. Hasil menunjukkan hubungan tidak linier. Pada W/C 0,30, kebutuhan SP hanya 0,6–2%, sedangkan pada W/C 0,10, dosis SP melonjak drastis hingga 141% untuk mempertahankan workability. Komposisi optimal ditemukan pada W/C 0,22 dengan SP 5% (RUN 14), menghasilkan kuat tekan maksimum 42 MPa (28 hari) dan 43 MPa (7 hari), di mana kekuatan 7 hari lebih tinggi karena percepatan hidrasi awal. Overdosis SP (≥35%) justru menurunkan kuat tekan secara signifikan menjadi 15 MPa dan 8 MPa akibat segregasi, bleeding, dan hambatan hidrasi berlebih. Analisis kurva tegangan-regangan menunjukkan transisi perilaku dari daktil menjadi getas. Korelasi positif antara densitas dan kuat tekan terbukti pada rentang optimal (1900–2000 kg/m³). Analisis RAB menunjukkan total biaya Rp2.390.000 dengan efisiensi terbaik pada komposisi optimal (Rp56.904/MPa), jauh lebih hemat dibanding overdosis (>Rp150.000/MPa). Kesimpulannya, W/C 0,22 dan SP 5% direkomendasikan sebagai komposisi paling ekonomis dan berkinerja tinggi untuk infrastruktur berkelanjutan.
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References
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References
L. S. Ho, D.-T. Van-Pham, and T.-P. Huynh, "Strength development and microstructural characterization of eco-cement paste with high-volume fly ash," Results in Engineering, vol. 26, p. 105013, 2025.
C. A. Casagrande, L. F. Jochem, L. Onghero, P. R. de Matos, W. L. Repette, and P. J. P. Gleize, "Effect of partial substitution of superplasticizer by silanes in Portland cement pastes," Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 29, p. 101226, 2020.
Z. Du and C. Unluer, "Enhancing Portland cement-based mixes with hydrated magnesium carbonates: Strength, hydration, and microstructural insights," Journal of Building Engineering, p. 114994, 2025.
M. H. R. Sobuz, F. S. Aditto, S. D. Datta, M. K. I. Kabbo, J. A. Jabin, N. M. S. Hasan, et al., "High-strength self-compacting concrete production incorporating supplementary cementitious materials: experimental evaluations and machine learning modelling," International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, vol. 18, p. 67, 2024.
A. Sharma, P. Angadi, T. Sirotiak, X. Wang, P. Taylor, P. Borowicz, et al., "Characterization of paste microstructure for durability properties of concrete," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 248, p. 118570, 2020.
C. Ren, L. Hou, J. Li, Z. Lu, and Y. Niu, "Preparation and properties of nanosilica-doped polycarboxylate superplasticizer," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 252, p. 119037, 2020.
X. Lv, L. Yang, F. Wang, and J. Li, "Abrasion resistance mechanism of high-ferrite Portland cement: Insights into the microstructure of hydration products and interfacial transition zone," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 474, p. 140988, 2025.
T. Wuryandari, T. Widiharih, and S. D. Anggraini, "Metode Taguchi untuk optimalisasi produk pada rancangan faktorial," Media Statistika, vol. 2, pp. 81-92, 2009.
X. Liu, P. Feng, J. Chen, Q. Liu, X. Yu, Y. Cai, et al., "A critical review on the interaction between calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) and different ions," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 413, p. 134931, 2024.
A. Bahar, A. Younsi, A. E. A. Hamami, and E. Bastidas-Arteaga, "Effect of recycled waste glass color on the properties of high-volume glass powder cement pastes," Results in Engineering, p. 107910, 2025.
X. H. Wang, Z. C. Fang, and L. Zheng, "Effect of dose and types of the water reducing admixtures and superplasticizers on concrete strength and durability behaviour: a review," Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, vol. 30, pp. 33-48, 2024.