Characterization of Bio-Oil and Bio-Asphalt Produced Through Catalytic Pyrolysis of Different Biomass Feedstocks

Heny Dewajani; Zakijah  Irfin; M. Agung Indra Iswara; Rucita Ramadhana; Moch. Ikhsan Wahyudi; Farikhatul Iza Riris

doi:10.33795/jtkl.v9i2.7610

Authors

Heny Dewajani Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 9, Malang 65141, Indonesia
Zakijah Irfin Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 9, Malang 65141, Indonesia
M. Agung Indra Iswara Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 9, Malang 65141, Indonesia
Rucita Ramadhana Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 9, Malang 65141, Indonesia
Moch. Ikhsan Wahyudi Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 9, Malang 65141, Indonesia
Farikhatul Iza Riris Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 9, Malang 65141, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v9i2.7610

Keywords:

asphalt, bio-asphalt, biomass, evaporation, pyrolysis

Abstract

Asphalt is an aggregate binder in road pavement construction derived from the residue of the petroleum fractionation process, a non-renewable natural resource. Reliance on petroleum asphalt leads to resource scarcity and increased production costs. One alternative to reduce this dependence is the use of bio-asphalt substitutes, which utilize renewable natural resources derived from biomass. The abundance of biomass such as coconut shells, sawdust, and coffee husk in East Java, Indonesia, makes it a promising resource for bio-asphalt synthesis. This study analyzes the effect of biomass types and catalyst mass ratios on the characteristics of bio-asphalt from bio-oil pyrolysis and its mixture with petroleum asphalt, specifically the penetration (pen) 60/70. The research stages include biomass preparation, zeolite catalyst activation, biomass pyrolysis into bio-oil, evaporation into bio-asphalt, and mixture analysis. Optimal characteristics were achieved using a 6% w/w coconut shell biomass catalyst, resulting in a bio-oil yield of 47.27% and a density of 1.060 g/mL. The bio-asphalt yield was 3.41% when mixed with petroleum asphalt pen 60/70. The bio-asphalt exhibited a penetration value of 66.35, a softening point of 52°C, and a density of 1.042 g/cm³, in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 8135:2015.

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