Pemodelan Kurva Pembebanan Transformator Distribusi Berdasarkan Variasi Penetrasi PLTS Atap

Authors

  • Galuh Prawestri Citra Handani Politeknik Negeri Malang
  • Rahman Azis Prasojo Politeknik Negeri Malang
  • Nurfi Fuad Al Azah Politeknik Negeri Malang
  • Salman Alfarisi Politeknik Negeri Malang
  • Anang Dasa Novfowan Politeknik Negeri Malang
  • Afidah Zuroida Politeknik Negeri Malang
  • Rahma Nur Amalia Politeknik Negeri Malang
  • Rhezal Agung Ananto Politeknik Negeri Malang
  • Arinalhaq Fatachul Aziiz Politeknik Negeri Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33795/elposys.v12i2.7326

Keywords:

load curve, distribution transformer, rooftop PV system, DIgSILENT PowerFactory

Abstract

Transformers are considered important equipment in the power distribution system. Determining the state of the distribution network loading curve a network model to analyze the impact of the rooftop PV system penetration level. The assumption of penetration is 10% - 100% and based on the amount of transformer power according to the nameplate, which is 160 kVA. The transformer that used is GTT BB1215, which is one of the distribution transformers in the PT PLN (Persero) UP3 South Surabaya. The loading curve modeling uses DIgSILENT PowerFactory 2021 software with the Quasi-Dynamic Simulation feature. Based on the average loading curve of GTT BB1215 for 14 days, there is a fluctuation, starting at 00.00 a.m - 06.00 a.m the load will decrease, the load will increase again at 06.00 a.m – 07.00 p.m, and the peak load at 06.00 p.m - 07.00 p.m with a current of 140 A (96 kW) or 60% of the transformer capacity load. The lowest load occurs at 06.00 a.m with a current of 94 A (65 kW) or 40% of the transformer capacity load. At a penetration level of 10% - 40%, the transformer load decreases significantly. However, when the penetration level exceeds 40%, there is a reverse power flow from the rooftop PV system to the transformer. This condition make the current to continue flowing even though the load on the transformer has reached 0, because the current represents the power flow from the rooftop PV system to the network, not from the customer load.

References

R. Rauf et al., Matahari Sebagai Energi Masa Depan| Panduan Lengkap Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS). Padang: Yayasan Kita Menulis, 2023.

R. Effendi, “Analisis Penggunaan Energi Surya Fotovoltaik Sebagai Sumber Energi Alternatif,” JUTIN (Jurnal Tek. Ind. Terintegrasi), vol. 6, no. 4, 2023.

S. Azzahra, A. Yogianto, and I. Hajar, “Studi Dampak Level Penetrasi Pembangkit Listrik Fotovoltaik pada Jaringan Distribusi,” Energi Kelistrikan J. Ilm., vol. 11, no. 1, 2019.

F. Azis and N. Lembang, “Studi Pembebanan Transformator Distribusi Tipe Voltra 100kVA,” J. Electr. Eng., vol. 1, no. 2, 2020.

H. Pezeshki, P. J. Wolfs, and G. Ledwich, “Impact of High PV Penetration on Distribution Transformer Insulation Life,” IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., vol. 29, no. 3, 2014.

I. B. Majeed and N. I. Nwulu, “Impact of Reverse Power Flow on Distributed Transformers in a Solar Photovoltaic Integrated Low Voltage Network,” Energies, vol. 15, 2022.

PT PLN (PERSERO), Edaran Direksi PT PLN (Persero) Nomor : 0017.E/DIR/2014 Tentang Metode Pemeliharaan Trafo Distribusi Berbasis Kaidah Manajemen Aset. Indonesia, 2014.

F. D. Safitri and H. Ananta, “Simulasi Penempatan Transformator Pada Jaringan Distribusi Berdasarkan Jatuh Tegangan Menggunakan ETAP Power Station 12.6.0,” J. Edukasi Elektro, vol. 4, no. 1, 2020.

I. M. A. Subawa, A. A. G. M. Pemayun, and I. W. A. Wijaya, “Rekonfigurasi Saluran Distribusi 20kV Pada Penyulang Menjangan Untuk Mengatasi Jatuh Tegangan,” J. SPEKTRUM, vol. 6, no. 3, 2019.

J. A. Khan, “Modelling and Analysis of Grid Connected PV System under Different Penetration Level of PV,” Int. J. Trend Sci. Res. Dev., vol. 2, no. 4, 2018.

Y. A. M. Ambabunga, H. Masiku, and E. A. M. Sampetoding, “Karakteristik Transformator 3 Fasa (Hubung Bintang dan Delta) Pada Sistem Tenaga Listrik AC,” J. Dyn. SainT, vol. 6, no. 1, 2021.

R. R. Waqfi and M. Nour, “Impact of PV and Wind Penetration into a Distribution Network Using Etap,” 2017 IEEE, no. 1, 2017.

L. Mihet-Popa, X. Han, H. Bindner, J. O. Pihl-Andersen, and J. Mehmedalic, “Grid Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Different Scenarios for a Smart Low-Voltage Distribution Grid,” 2013 4th IEEE/PES Innov. Smart Grid Technol. Eur. ISGT Eur. 2013, no. October, 2013.

T. Khatib and L. Sabri, “Grid Impact Assessment of Centralized and Decentralized Photovoltaic-Based Distribution Generation: A Case Study of Power Distribution Network with High Renewable Energy Penetration,” Math. Probl. Eng., vol. 2021, 2021.

M. J. Heathcote, The J & P Transformer Book, Twelfh edi. London: Newnes, Reed Educational and Professional Publishing Ltd, 1998.

B. Cahyono et al., Buku Pedoman Pemeliharaan Transformator Tenaga. Jakarta: PT PLN (PERSERO), 2014.

P. Kerdoum and S. Premrudeepreechacharn, “Analysis of PV Penetration Level on Low Voltage System in Chiang Mai Thailand,” Sci. Energy Reports, vol. 6, 2020.

A. Hermawan, R. Sutjipto, S. I. Hidayat, and F. B. Suryaningtyas, “Studi Pengaruh Pembebanan sebagai Dasar Scheduling Maintenance untuk Meminimalisir Susut Umur Transformator 1 GI Blimbing,” Elposys J. Sist. Kelistrikan, vol. 7, no. 3, 2020.

H. Mukti K., R. Sutjipto, and Vidiasih, “Efektivitas Mutasi Transformator Dalam Mengatasi Fluktuasi Beban Pada Trafo Distribusi ULP Bululawang,” Elposys J. Sist. Kelistrikan, vol. 11, no. 2, 2024.

A. H. Santoso, E. Rizka, and H. Mukti K., “Analisis Pembebanan Terhadap Perkiraan Umur Transformator Distribusi 20 kV Penyulang Lowokwaru di PT. PLN(PERSERO) UP3 Malang,” Elposys J. Sist. Kelistrikan, vol. 9, no. 3, 2022.

Downloads

Published

2025-06-30

How to Cite

Galuh Prawestri Citra Handani, Rahman Azis Prasojo, Nurfi Fuad Al Azah, Salman Alfarisi, Anang Dasa Novfowan, Afidah Zuroida, Rahma Nur Amalia, Rhezal Agung Ananto, & Arinalhaq Fatachul Aziiz. (2025). Pemodelan Kurva Pembebanan Transformator Distribusi Berdasarkan Variasi Penetrasi PLTS Atap. Elposys: Jurnal Sistem Kelistrikan, 12(2), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.33795/elposys.v12i2.7326