Prototipe sistem pencatatan data suhu transformator gardu induk berbasis ESP32 dengan komunikasi nirkabel
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33795/eltek.v24i2.11015Keywords:
Transformator daya, Monitoring suhu, ESP32, Komunikasi nirkabelAbstract
Transformator daya memerlukan pemantauan suhu secara kontinu untuk menjaga keandalan operasi. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem otomatis pencatat data suhu transformator berbasis mikrokontroler ESP32 dan komunikasi nirkabel. Sistem membaca sinyal analog 4–20 mA dari parameter Oil Temperature Indicator (OTI), Winding High Voltage (WHV), dan Winding Low Voltage (WLV), kemudian menampilkan data pada LCD, mengirimkannya ke ThingSpeak, serta menyimpannya secara otomatis ke Google Sheets. Pengujian akurasi menggunakan generator sinyal 4–20 mA menghasilkan nilai Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) sebesar 0,6% sebelum uji keandalan dan maksimum 0,8% setelah uji keandalan. Pengujian komunikasi menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan antena eksternal mampu menurunkan data loss dari 41 menjadi 5 data serta menurunkan persentase data terlambat dari 10,70% menjadi 6,35%. Pengujian selama tujuh hari menghasilkan persentase kelengkapan data hingga 99,88% dengan rata-rata latency sekitar 1 detik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu melakukan monitoring suhu transformator secara otomatis, real-time, dan andal.
Abstract
Power transformers require continuous temperature monitoring to maintain operational reliability. This study develops an ESP32-based wireless temperature data logging system for transformer monitoring. The system acquires 4–20 mA analog signals from the Oil Temperature Indicator (OTI), Winding High Voltage (WHV), and Winding Low Voltage (WLV), displays the measurements on an LCD, transmits data to ThingSpeak, and automatically stores the records in Google Sheets. Accuracy testing using a 4–20 mA signal generator resulted in a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 0.6% before the reliability test and a maximum of 0.8% after the test. Communication testing showed that an external antenna reduced data loss from 41 to 5 records and decreased delayed data from 10.70% to 6.35%. A seven-day reliability test achieved data completeness of up to 99.88% with an average latency of approximately 1 second. The results demonstrate that the proposed system provides automatic, real-time, and reliable transformer temperature monitoring.
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