Integration of Voice Recognition and Knock Code in an IoT-Based Smart Door System for Inclusive Security

Abstract

The rapid advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has opened up significant opportunities in developing smarter and more adaptive home security systems. One of the main challenges in conventional security systems lies in their limited accessibility for users with special needs, such as the elderly, children, or individuals with disabilities. To address this issue, this study proposes an innovative solution in the form of an IoT-based smart door system that integrates two distinct authentication methods: voice recognition and knock code, along with manual control via a physical push button. The system is built using the ESP32 microcontroller as the main controller, with Firebase utilized for real-time communication between the hardware and the Android application. The research follows a Research and Development (R&D) approach with a quantitative experimental method. System performance was evaluated through a series of structured tests on key parameters, including authentication accuracy, response speed, data synchronization stability with Firebase, and reliability during power switching conditions. The results demonstrate that the system responds effectively to commands with an average delay of less than two seconds and remains stable during network disruptions or power outages. The primary advantage of this system lies in its inclusive and flexible design, enabling diverse user groups to securely access doors without relying on a single authentication method. Therefore, this system not only enhances physical security but also adds value in terms of comfort and accessibility. This study is expected to serve as a reference for future development of intelligent security systems that prioritize inclusivity and user-centered functionality in modern smart homes.